| 1 |
Author(s):
Wangkhem Sanaton Singh, Leiphrakpam Ajit Singh, Thokchom Rebica Devi, Dr. Ng. Pikeshwor Singh.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Climatology
Page No:
1-10 |
Flood Impact Assessment: A Case Study of Heingang, Imphal East District in 2025
Abstract
Flood remains one of the most recurrent and destructive natural hazards in the Imphal Valley of Manipur, particularly during the monsoon season. The 2025 flood event caused widespread damage to life, property, and infrastructure, with Imphal East District emerging as one of the worst-affected areas. This study assesses the magnitude and severity of flood impacts in Heingang village using a composite Flood Impact Severity Index (FISI) and evaluates household-level vulnerability through the Household Vulnerability Index (HVI). Primary data were collected from 103 households using a stratified random sampling method, supplemented by secondary data from government reports and published sources. Results reveal a moderate level of flood impact (FISI = 0.468), primarily driven by high floodwater depth and extensive structural damage. Household vulnerability analysis indicates extremely high exposure (E = 0.961), moderate sensitivity (S = 0.300), and limited adaptive capacity (AC deficit = 0.430), resulting in an overall HVI score of 0.276. The findings highlight the critical role of physical exposure and inadequate preparedness in shaping flood vulnerability. The study underscores the need for integrated flood management strategies emphasizing embankment strengthening, early warning systems, and community-based preparedness to enhance resilience in flood-prone areas of the Imphal Valley.
| 2 |
Author(s):
डॉ. अंजली पुनेरा, जयप्रकाश जायसवाल.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Agricultural Geography
Page No:
11-18 |
उधम सिंह नगर जनपद में फसल संकेन्द्रण एवं कृषि स्थानिक प्रतिरूपों का एक शूक्ष्म स्तरीय अध्ययन
Abstract
ऊधम सिंह नगर जनपद, उत्तराखंड के तराई क्षेत्र में स्थित एक कृषि प्रधान जिला है, जो चावल, गेहूं, गन्ना और आलू जैसी फसलों के लिए जाना जाता है। यह शोध पत्र जनपद की सामाजार्थिक समीक्षा 2023-24 के आंकड़ों पर आधारित है, जिसमें विकास खंडवार फसलों के क्षेत्रफल, उत्पादन और मूल्य का विश्लेषण किया गया है। फसल सांद्रता की गणना लोकेशन कोटिएंट (LQ) विधि से की गई है, जो दिखाती है कि बाजपुर और रुद्रपुर जैसे खंडों में गन्ना और चावल की सांद्रता उच्च है, जबकि खटीमा में आलू और तिलहन फसलें प्रमुख हैं। स्थानिक पैटर्न से पता चलता है कि तराई की उपजाऊ मिट्टी और सिंचाई सुविधाओं के कारण कृषि उत्पादकता उच्च है, लेकिन असमान वितरण के कारण कुछ खंड पीछे हैं। शोध से पता चलता है कि 2021-22 में कुल फसल क्षेत्र 266952 हेक्टेयर था, जिसमें चावल 48.67%, गेहूं 38.25% और गन्ना 4.76% क्षेत्र घेरता है।
| 3 |
Author(s):
Dr. Malini Prava Sethi.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Tourism
Page No:
19-35 |
Economic Outcomes of Community-Based Ecotourism in Coastal Odisha of Puri District
Abstract
Community-based ecotourism (CBET) has evolved as an important form of sustainable tourism, combining conservation goals with local economic advancement. Here, as is the case of Puri in Odisha State, tourism economy is very important but the conventional model has largely led to marginalisation of many and inadequate community participation. The objective of this study was to determine the economic benefits that will be accrued from community-based ecotourism on local communities in Puri, with particular reference to income earnings, employment opportunities, business expansion, standard of living and general economic perception during peak tourism period.
Descriptive cross-sectional research design was used. The primary data was gathered from 160 respondents through a structured Community-Based Ecotourism Economic Impact Questionnaire. The study was carried out in the Puri town and Sea Beach blocks in November, December 2025, and January 2026. Simple random sampling method was used within the tourism workers occupational sub-groups. The data were analysed by descriptive statistics, and the percentage is represented in tables and figures. Ecotourism a boon for the economy of Puri. The community-based ecotourism has had a positive impact on the economic status of local people in Puri. Increased policy support, infrastructure development and strategies for year-round tourism are necessary to maintain and maximise these benefits.Keywords: Community-based ecotourism, economic impact, livelihood development, employment generation, sustainable tourism
| 4 |
Author(s):
Bipul Saikia, Dr. Jyotishmoy Bora.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Environment
Page No:
36-43 |
Assessing The Impact of Climate Change on Snow Characteristics and Glacier Area Change in the Subansiri Basin: A Review
Abstract
Recent studies on snow and glacier area change in the Subansiri Basin, a sub-basin of the Brahmaputra Basin in the Eastern Himalayas, have focused on changes in snow cover and characteristics of glaciers. The Subansiri basin is one of the larger north bank tributaries of the Brahmaputra river system and hence has a significant contribution to the river discharge in the downstream reaches. Researchers have analyzed important changes, such as Accumulation area, debris cover, Glaciered & Snow field, non-glaciated area, including earlier snowmelt, decreased glacier coverage, reduced seasonal snow, and higher snowlines, using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Land use land cover (LULC) change detection of an area is also important, as this is an indicator of climate change. LULC has various categories to recognize vegetation transformation over a time period. The transformation of the vegetation classes and human settlement in upper catchment areas is investigated by the Land Use Land Cover as well. These changes directly affect the accumulation area of the glacier, water security, ecosystem resilience, and vegetation. The changer of glacier area has also impacted landslide, glacier rock flow simulation, and multi-hazard modelling. The results highlight the required of continuous monitoring, improved modeling, and adaptive new management techniques to handle the growing problems resulting from climate change in the Subansiri basin.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Aswathi Balakrishnan, Sarath Chandran.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Human Geography
Page No:
44-58 |
Spatial analysis of accessibility disparities to basic facilities among Adivasi settlements using GIS in Kottathara Panchayat, Wayanad, India
Abstract
Spatial accessibility to essential services is a crucial determinant of socio-economic development among Adivasi communities. This study examines disparities in accessibility to basic infrastructural facilities among Adivasi settlements in Kottathara Panchayat, located in the Wayanad district. Despite Kerala’s overall progress in human development, tribal communities in Wayanad continue to experience spatial marginalisation due to geographical isolation, rugged terrain, and inadequate road connectivity. The study aims to assess inter- community variations in access to schools, primary health centres, administrative offices, and financial institutions. The research integrates primary and secondary data within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. All 98 Adivasi colonies were geo-located using GPS, and road networks were digitised to conduct network-based closest facility analysis. A stratified random sample of 274 households representing major communities’ like Kurichiya, Paniya, Kattunayakar, Uraalikurumar, and Kurichiya converts was surveyed to contextualise spatial findings. Average road distance to major facilities was used as the principal indicator of accessibility. Results reveal significant spatial inequality shaped by settlement location, slope conditions, and infrastructure availability. Paniya settlements exhibit relatively better accessibility (6.25 km), whereas Uraalikurumar settlements record the highest average distance (8.86 km). Although Kattunayakar settlements show moderate average distance (7.73 km), their lack of formal road connectivity makes them the most physically isolated. Overall, 22 colonies lack direct road access. The study highlights the need for targeted infrastructure planning to reduce spatial exclusion and promote inclusive development.
| 6 |
Author(s):
खुशबू कुमारी, डॉ. प्रशांत कुमार.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Population Geography
Page No:
59-67 |
भागलपुर जिला (बिहार) की व्यावसायिक संरचना में गत्यात्मक परिवर्तन : एक भौगोलिक एवं आर्थिक विश्लेषण
Abstract
व्यवसाय वह आर्थिक गतिविधियाँ हैं जिनके माध्यम से लोग अपनी आजीविका चलाते हैं, और इन गतिविधियों में संलग्न लोग किसी क्षेत्र की व्यवसायिक संरचना का निर्माण करते हैं। यह रचना सामाजिक, आर्थिक, सांस्कृतिक और जनसांख्यिकीय विशेषताओं को प्रभावित करती है तथा विभिन्न सामाजिक समूहों की आर्थिक स्थिति को दर्शाती है। समय और स्थान के अनुसार यह पेशेवर संरचना बदलती रहती है, जो समाज के विकास स्तर और जीवन की गुणवत्ता को संकेत करती है। यह अध्ययन भागलपुर जिले की जनसंख्या में रोजगार और व्यवसायिक संरचना में हुए परिवर्तनों का भौगोलिक दृष्टिकोण का विश्लेषण करता है। अध्ययन का उद्देश्य दो दशकों (2001 और 2011) में कृषि, उद्योग और सेवा क्षेत्र में श्रमिक वर्ग के वितरण में हुए बदलाव का तुलनात्मक मूल्यांकन करना है। अध्ययन से पता चलता है कि कृषि क्षेत्र में रोजगार घटा है, जबकि सेवा और उद्योग क्षेत्र में बढ़ोतरी हुई है। शहरीकरण के कारण रोजगार संरचना में भौगोलिक भिन्नताएँ स्पष्ट हैं। यह शोध नीति-निर्माण और ग्रामीण एवं शहरी विकास योजना में मार्गदर्शन प्रदान करता है।
| 7 |
Author(s):
Rajesh Mondal, Kuntal Kanti Chattoraj.
Country:
India
Research Area:
Population Geography
Page No:
68-82 |
Demographic Dividend and Emerging Ageing in Rural Bankura: A Long-Term Analysis of Age Structure Dynamics and Sustainability Implications.
Abstract
The age structure of a population significantly influences socio-economic development and sustainability. This study examines changes in the age-sex structure of rural Bankura District, West Bengal, from 1961 to 2011, using data from District Census Handbooks. The analysis covers age-sex pyramids, broad age groups (0-14, 15-59, and 60+ years), and dependency ratios to assess demographic transition and implications for sustainable rural development.
Results show a decline in the young population (0-14 years) from 41.18% in 1961 to 27.41% in 2011, reflecting fertility reduction. The working-age group (15-59 years) rose from 53.21% to 63.37%, while the elderly (60+) nearly doubled from 5.57% to 9.18%, due to better healthcare and longevity. The dependency ratio fell sharply from 87.86% to 57.74%, indicating a favourable shift toward a productive age structure.
Rural Bankura is in a demographic window of opportunity with an expanding working-age population, which can boost economic growth if supported by jobs and skills. However, the rising elderly share poses challenges for healthcare and social support in resource-limited rural settings. Effective policies to harness the demographic dividend while preparing for ageing are vital for sustainable development.
