Cosmos: A Journal of Geography

Urbanization and Cultural Shifts: Transformations in the Livelihoods of Gaddi Pastoralists in Kangra, Himachal Pradesh

This study explores the influence of urbanization on the livelihoods, socio-economic conditions, and traditional pastoral practices of the Gaddi pastoralist community in Kangra, Himachal Pradesh. The research reveals significant changes in demographic profiles, livelihood patterns, and cultural practices due to modernization and urban encroachments. Traditional sheep and goat rearing, once a predominant livelihood, has declined, with many Gaddi pastoralists shifting towards wage labour and government jobs. Urbanization has brought socio-economic improvements, including increased access to healthcare, education, and digital connectivity. However, it has also reduced grazing lands and disrupted seasonal migration patterns, leading to a decline in cultural practices. The study highlights the dual impact of urbanization, bringing both opportunities for economic advancement and challenges in preserving cultural heritage. The community perceives urbanization positively in terms of infrastructure and services but expresses concerns over cultural erosion. Policy measures must focus on integrating sustainable urban development with the preservation of traditional practices to maintain the cultural identity of the Gaddi community while ensuring their socio-economic progress. Understanding these impacts is essential for crafting balanced policies that promote sustainable livelihoods and cultural preservation in pastoral communities.