Cosmos: A Journal of Geography

Tourism in Kushinagar: A Geographical Perspective on Pilgrimage and Heritage

Kushinagar, a prominent Buddhist pilgrimage site in Uttar Pradesh, India, holds immense historical and spiritual significance as the place where Lord Buddha attained Mahaparinirvana. This paper examines the role of geography in shaping the patterns, development, and challenges of tourism in Kushinagar. By exploring its physical setting, accessibility, heritage assets, and infrastructural growth, the study highlights how geographical factors have influenced the emergence of Kushinagar as a global religious tourism hub. The research further investigates the economic impacts of tourism, environmental concerns, and the pressures faced by cultural sites. Special emphasis is placed on the need for sustainable tourism practices to balance heritage conservation with the demands of increasing tourist inflows. Through a geographical lens, this study provides insights into both the opportunities and challenges facing tourism development in Kushinagar, offering recommendations for fostering a more sustainable and culturally sensitive tourism environment.