Cosmos: A Journal of Geography

Evolution of Sanitation in India: A Case Study of Swachh Bharat Mission (2014-2023)

This study examines the Swachh Bharat Mission's (SBM) role in advancing sanitation development in India, analyzing its achievements and ongoing challenges. Through a review of government data, reports, and program initiatives, the research explores the evolution of sanitation policies, from earlier efforts like the Community Development Program to SBM's transformative approach. The study highlights SBM's impact on sanitation coverage, behavioral change, and waste management while addressing areas needing improvement for sustainable outcomes.